Cationic polymerization of 1,3‐pentadiene coinitiated by zinc halides
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Abstract
Abstract Technology of industrial production of liquid rubber under trademark “SKOP” is based on the cationic polymerization of 1,3‐penadiene (piperylene) in the presence of TiCl 4 or AlCl 3 ‐based catalytic systems. The disadvantage of these catalytic systems is the high probability of formation of branched and insoluble fractions due to the chain transfer to polymer. This deteriorates the useful qualities of SKOP. Here we propose the new initiating systems for the cationic polymerization of 1,3‐pentadiene based on the homogeneous (dissolved in a minimal amount of diethyl ether) zinc halides (ZnCl 2 and ZnBr 2 ) as coinitiators and hydrochloric acid, tert ‐butyl chloride or trichloroacetic acid as initiators. These initiating systems allow to synthesize fully soluble low molecular weight ( M n = 1000–3000 g mol −1 ) poly(1,3‐pentadiene)s with relatively narrow molecular weight distribution ( M w / M n < 2.0), which do not contain any high molecular weight and insoluble fractions in the whole range of monomer conversion. The polymers synthesized in the presence of zinc halides possess the same microstructure that those prepared with TiCl 4 as coinitiator. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
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