Study on Asphalt Performance Enhancement Based on Phosphorus‐Bridge Bonded Red Mud and Polyphosphoric Acid

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Red mud (RM), a solid waste produced in the aluminum industry, poses significant risks to human health and the environment during disposal. To promote its resourceful utilization, this study uses polyphosphoric acid (PPA) as a crosslinking agent to chelate metal ions in RM, forming a hybrid material (RM‐PPA), which is then applied as a modifier for asphalt binder. The impact of RM‐PPA on asphalt properties was evaluated using microstructural characterization, mechanical performance testing, and software simulations. Results showed that the surface of RM was modified into an interlocking flake‐like structure, enhancing interfacial adhesion with asphalt. This improved the mechanical performance and high‐temperature stability of the asphalt. At an ambient temperature of 46°C, asphalt modified with 5 wt% RM‐PPA exhibits optimal performance. Its complex modulus ( G *) was 289% higher than that of the base asphalt, while its strain recovery rate ( R ) improved by 148% and 155% under 0.1 and 3.2 kPa, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm strong adsorption interactions between RM modification products and asphalt molecules. This enhanced interfacial interaction plays a crucial role in addressing material interface defects.

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