(p)ppGpp and drug resistance
Citations Over Time
Abstract
In recent years, emerging and reemerging pathogens resistant to nearly all available antibiotics are on the rise. This limits the availability of effective antibiotics to treat infections, thus it is imperative to develop new drugs. The accumulation of alarmones guanosine tetraphosphate and guanosine pentaphosphate, collectively known as (p)ppGpp, is a global response of bacteria to environmental stress. (p)ppGpp has been documented to be involved in the resistance to beta-lactam and peptide antibiotics. Proposed mechanisms of action include occupation of drug targets, regulation of the expression of virulence determinants, and modification of protein activities. (p)ppGpp analogs might counteract these actions. Several such entities are being tested as new antibiotics. Further insights into the mechanisms of (p)ppGpp-mediated drug resistance might facilitate the discovery and development of novel antibiotics.
Related Papers
- → Response of Guanosine 5′-Triphosphate Concentration to Nutritional Changes and Its Significance for Bacillus subtilis Sporulation(1981)188 cited
- → Interaction of alleles of therelA, relC andspoT genes inEscherichia coli: Analysis of the interconversion of GTP, ppGpp and pppGpp(1977)102 cited
- → Effects of Guanosine Tetraphosphate, Guanosine Pentaphosphate, and β-γ Methylenyl-Guanosine Pentaphosphate on Gene Expression of Escherichia coli In Vitro(1974)84 cited
- Guanosine polyphosphate production of Escherichia coli stringent and relaxed strains in the stationary phase of growth.(1981)