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Proton pencil beam scanning ultra‐high dose rate 3D lattice radiotherapy: A proof‐of‐concept FLASH SFRT study
Medical Physics2025Vol. 52(12), pp. e70187–e70187
Shouyi Wei, Hang Qi, Lee Xu, Balaji Selvaraj, Xingyi Zhao, Ajay Zheng, M. A. Vermeulen, Nancy Y. Lee, Richard L. Bakst, Chanda Guha, Pingfang Tsai, Minglei Kang, Xiaodong Wu, Irini Yacoub, J. Isabelle Choi, Arpit Chhabra, Charles B. Simone, Haibo Lin
Abstract
Proton PBS UHDR 3D-LRT is achievable with the proposed two-field and single-field techniques, leveraging advanced inverse treatment planning and beam modifiers such as universal range shifters, beam-specific range compensators, apertures, and ridge filters. Planning study and end-to-end validation demonstrated that both techniques provided UHDR coverage to entrance normal tissues, favorable for triggering the FLASH effect, while maintaining high PVDR and plan robustness.