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Biodegradation and fish toxicity of nonionic surfactants

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society1986Vol. 63(12), pp. 1590–1596

Citations Over TimeTop 25% of 1986 papers

Abstract

Abstract In order to investigate the fate and toxicity to fish of nonionic surfactants in the environment, biodegradation tests of river sediments and river water were carried out. In the biodegradation test of river sediments, residual surfactants in the water phase and sediments were analyzed by the colorimetric cobalt‐thiocyanate method (CTAS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorimetric detector. Two kinds of nonionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (C 9 APE 9 ) and polyoxyethylene alcohol ether (C 12 AE 7 ), were degraded by river sediments under both stirring and standing conditions, detected by CTAS and HPLC measurements. There was little difference between the time‐course of both surfactants measured by CTAS and HPLC in the water phase. Although the adsorption of both surfactants on sediments was low, most of both surfactants adsorbed on sediments were biodegraded during the test period. Nonylphenolmonoethoxy acetate (Met 2) and nonylphenolacetate (Met 1) were identified as biodegradation intermediates using preparative HPLC and mass spectrometric analysis. In the river die‐away test of C 9 APF 9 , the reduction of toxicity to fish of C 9 APE 9 was observed in the course of biodegradation (after 10 days). LC 50 of primary biodegradation intermediates, Met 1 and 2, was almost at the same level as that of C 9 APE 9 . This result suggests that the reduction of toxicity to fish is due to further biodegradation of C 9 APE 9 through Met 1 and 2.

Citations Over TimeTop 25% of 1986 papers

Abstract

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