Ultrafast Carbon Dioxide Sorption Kinetics Using Morphology-Controllable Lithium Zirconate

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Abstract

It was reported that the main obstacle of Li₂ZrO₃ as high-temperature CO₂ absorbents is the very slow CO₂ sorption kinetics, which are ascribed to the gradual formation of compact zirconia and carbonate shells along with inner unreacted lithium zirconate cores; accordingly, the "sticky" Li+ and O2- ions have to travel a long distance through the solid shells by diffusion. We report here that three-dimensional interconnected nanoporous Li₂ZrO₃ exhibiting ultrafast kinetics is promising for CO₂ sorption. Specifically, nanoporous Li₂ZrO₃ (LZ-NP) exhibited a rapid sorption rate of 10.28 wt %/min with an uptake of 27 wt % of CO₂. Typically, the k₁ values of LZ-NP (kinetic parameters extracted from sorption kinetics) were nearly 1 order of magnitude higher than the previously reported conventional Li₂ZrO₃ reaction systems. Its sorption capacity of 25 wt % within ∼4 min is 2 orders of magnitude faster than those obtained using spherical Li₂ZrO₃ powders. Furthermore, nanoporous Li₂ZrO₃ exhibited good stability over 60 absorption-desorption cycles, showing its potential for practical CO₂ capture applications. CO₂ adsorption isotherms for Li₂ZrO₃ absorbents were successfully modeled using a double-exponential equation at various CO₂ partial pressures.

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