Shape-Controlled Synthesis of CdS Nanocrystals in Mixed Solvents
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Abstract
The formation of CdS nanotetrahedrons, pencil-shaped nanorods, tetrapods, prickly spheres, and high aspect-ratio hexagonal nanoprisms has been, respectively, achieved by adjusting the ratio of two solvents ethylenediamine and ethylene glycol under the solvothermal condition. None of the surfactants or other templates was needed in the process. The reaction time and temperature can be used as the additional means to control the size and morphology. By closely inspecting the growing process of the tetrapod structure and the crystallographic analysis of the products, we proposed that the lattice space match and the location match of ions at the interface of the zinc blende core and the wurtzite arms are two important structural factors to guide this furcate growth. Also, the anisotropic adsorption ability of ethylenediamine at the different surfaces of wurtzite CdS crystals results in the 1D growth of the arms. The possible growing mechanisms of CdS with other shapes were also discussed.
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