Growth, Structure, and Evaluation of Laser Properties of LiYb(MoO4)2 Single Crystal
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Abstract
Because of the incongruent melting of LiYb(MoO4)2 compound at 912 °C, Li2MoO4 and Li2Mo2O7 fluxes have been used to nucleate single crystals of this compound. From the latter flux, crystals of about 1 cm3 have been pulled by the top-seeded solution-growth method. Details on the preparation and growth procedures are provided. The Li concentration in the crystal has been assessed using 7Li(p,α)4He nuclear reaction induced by protons. The [Yb]/[Li] molar composition ratio obtained in several samples is in the 1.01−1.05 range. This result compares well with the ratio [Yb]/[Li] = 1 expected from the above chemical formula, therefore nonextensive Li loss is experienced during the crystal growth. Polymorphic transformations to phases with symmetry lower than tetragonal have not been observed upon cooling. At room temperature the crystal structure shows the tetragonal space group I4̄ (No. 82), with lattice parameters a = 5.1191 (9) Å and c = 11.109 (3) Å, V = 291.11(10) Å3, and Z = 2. This implies a high ytterbium density, namely [Yb] = 6.87 × 1021 cm-3. The optical absorption and photoluminescence properties are described in detail consistently with the anisotropic character of the tetragonal phase. The relative energies of the Yb3+ Stark levels have been determined and the perspectives for applications as a laser material are evaluated.
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