Extraction and Characterization of Asphaltenes from Different Crude Oils and Solvents

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Abstract

Three crude oils were employed for precipitation of asphaltenes using two solvents, n-pentane and n-heptane. Crude oils were analyzed by API gravity, elemental composition and metals content. Asphaltenes were characterized by VPO molecular weight, liquid State 1H and 13C NMR, elemental composition, and metals content. Spectra were divided in three and two different regions for 1H and 13C NMR, respectively, to determine the most important structural parameters of asphaltenes. To avoid errors when determining asphaltene content and characterization, a solvent-to-oil (S/O) ratio of 60:1 was used. This optimal ratio was defined after conducting various experiments with different values of S/O in the range of 5:1 to 100:1. It was found that solvent type has a very important influence in composition of asphaltenes, which were also very different for the three crude oils studied. Aromaticity of asphaltenes was higher when n-heptane was employed.

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