Doubled Power Density from Salinity Gradients at Reduced Intermembrane Distance

Citations Over TimeTop 1% of 2011 papers

Abstract

The mixing of sea and river water can be used as a renewable energy source. The Gibbs free energy that is released when salt and fresh water mix can be captured in a process called reverse electrodialysis (RED). This research investigates the effect of the intermembrane distance and the feedwater flow rate in RED as a route to double the power density output. Intermembrane distances of 60, 100, 200, and 485 μm were experimentally investigated, using spacers to impose the intermembrane distance. The generated (gross) power densities (i.e., generated power per membrane area) are larger for smaller intermembrane distances. A maximum value of 2.2 W/m(2) is achieved, which is almost double the maximum power density reported in previous work. In addition, the energy efficiency is significantly higher for smaller intermembrane distances. New improvements need to focus on reducing the pressure drop required to pump the feedwater through the RED-device using a spacerless design. In that case power outputs of more than 4 W per m(2) of membrane area at small intermembrane distances are envisaged.

Related Papers

• → Reverse electrodialysis: Performance of a stack with 50 cells on the mixing of sea and river water(2008)411 cited
• → Theoretical power density from salinity gradients using reverse electrodialysis(2012)194 cited
• → Nanofluidic crystal: a facile, high-efficiency and high-power-density scaling up scheme for energy harvesting based on nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis(2013)69 cited
• → A Strategy for Power Density Amelioration of Capacitive Reverse Electrodialysis Systems with a Single Membrane(2023)3 cited
• → The influence of different factors on the power-generation performance of reverse electrodialysis(2021)