Fine Particle and Gaseous Emission Rates from Residential Wood Combustion
Citations Over TimeTop 1% of 2000 papers
Abstract
Residential wood combustion emissions were analyzed to determine emission rates and to develop chemical emissions profiles that represent the appliances and woods typically used in wood-burning communities. Over 350 elements, inorganic compounds, and organic compounds were quantified. A range of 4−9 g/kg dry fuel of particulate matter (<2.5 μm) and 5−22 g/kg volatile organic compounds were observed. Samples were collected using a dilution stack sampler equipped with a 2.5-μm particle selective cyclone. Emissions were diluted 20−70 times, cooled to ambient temperature, and allowed 80 s for condensation prior to collection. Wood type, wood moisture, burn rate, and fuel load were varied for different experiments. Fine particle and semivolatile organic compounds were collected on filter/PUF/XAD/PUF cartridges. Inorganic samples and mass were collected on Teflon and quartz filters. Volatile organic carbon compounds were trapped with Tenax (C8−C20), canister (C2−C12), and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine impregnated cartridges (carbonyl compounds). Analysis of particle and semivolatile organic species was conducted by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Teflon filters were analyzed for mass by gravimetry, trace elements were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, and ammonium was analyzed by automated colorimetry. Quartz filters were analyzed for organic and elemental carbon by thermal/optical reflectance, and ions were analyzed by ion chromatography. Select quartz filters were analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry for carbon-12 and carbon-14 abundance. Canister and Tenax samples were analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector, and carbonyl compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Related Papers
- → Comparison of a gas chromatography-optical fibre (GC-OF) detector with a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) for determination of alcoholic compounds in industrial atmospheres(2008)20 cited
- → Sensitive flame ionization detector for the determination of traces of atmospheric hydrocarbons by capillary column gas chromatography(1993)41 cited
- Application of Gas Chromatography in Beer Analysis(2006)
- → Determination of Methane in Water by Gas Chromatography(1967)3 cited
- → A simple method for the determination of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials using gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID)(2021)