Endohedral Nickel, Palladium, and Platinum Atoms in 10-Vertex Germanium Clusters: Competition between Bicapped Square Antiprismatic and Pentagonal Prismatic Structures
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Abstract
Density functional theory predicts significant differences in the preferred structures of endohedral M@Ge10z (M = Ni, Pd, Pt; z = 0, 2-, 4-) clusters upon a change of the central metal atom in otherwise isoelectronic systems. For the neutral clusters M@Ge10 the global minima are singlet bicapped square antiprisms. However, triplet regular pentagonal prismatic structures become increasingly energetically competitive in the series Ni --> Pd -> Pt. The pentagonal prismatic dianions M@Ge10(2-) (M = Ni, Pd, Pt) appear to have closed shell structures and are the global minima for palladium and platinum. However, the global minimum for Ni@Ge102- is the capped square antiprism suggested by the Wade-Mingos rules. A number of singlet low-energy unsymmetrical structures are found for the tetraanions M@Ge10(4-). However, for the palladium and platinum tetraanions triplet pentagonal prismatic structures are energetically competitive with the unsymmetrical structures.
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