Structural and Optical Nonlinear Characterizations of Langmuir−Blodgett Films of 1-Benzyl-9-hydrofullerene-60
Abstract
The structural and optical nonlinear features of the condensed layers at the air−water interface and Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) films of the substituted fullerene 1-benzyl-9-hydrofullerene-60 (C60-Be) were investigated by π−A isotherm, small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXD), and optical measurements. Pure C60-Be molecules existed at the air−water interface in a bulk phase. A new type of two-chain amphiphilic molecule, 1,10-bistearyl-4,6,13,15-tetraene-18-nitrogen-crown-6 (NC), was used as an inert material to construct mixed C60-Be/NC LB films of much better quality than the pure C60-Be LB films. Our π−A, UV−visible absorption, and SAXD measurements show that the structural improvement in the mixed C60-Be/NC LB films was realized by insertion of the C60-Be molecules between the two hydrophobic chains of the NC molecules. The relatively large third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ(3)xxxx(−3ω;ω,ω,ω) = 2.1 × 10-11 esu was deduced by measuring third-harmonic generation in the mixed C60-Be/NC LB films.
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