Double Glass Transition Temperatures of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Confined in Alumina Nanotube Templates
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Abstract
Recently, confinement of polymers with different geometries has become a research hotspot. Here, we report the dramatic deviation of glass transition behaviors of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) confined in cylindrical nanopores with diameter significantly larger than chain’s radius of gyration (Rg). Fast cooling a PMMA melt in the nanopores results in a glass with one single glass transition temperature (Tg). But two distinct Tgs are detected after slow cooling the melt. The deviation in Tg could be as large as 45 K. This phenomenon is interpreted by a two-layer model. During vitrification under slow cooling two distinct layers are formed: a strongly constrained interfacial layer showing an increased Tg as compared to that of the bulk polymer and a core with a decreased Tg. By thermal annealing experiments, we find that these two Tgs are inherently correlated. In addition, the deviation of Tg for PMMA confined in nanopores reveals a dependence on molecular weight.
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