Accurate Structural Control and Block Formation in the Living Polymerization of 1,3-Dienes by Nitroxide-Mediated Procedures

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Abstract

The living free radical polymerization of 1,3-dienes, such as isoprene and 1,3-butadiene, has been shown to be a facile process in the presence of alkoxyamine initiators based on a 2,2,5-trimethyl-4-phenyl-3-azahexane-3-oxy, 2, skeleton. These α-hydrido nitroxide derivatives were able to control the homopolymerization to high conversion and molecular weights from 1000 to 100 000 amu with polydispersities of 1.06−1.15 readily obtained. Block and random copolymers based on combinations of 1,3-dienes with a variety of functionalized vinyl monomers, such as styrene, acrylate, or methacrylate derivatives, could also be prepared with similar control. In comparison with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinoxy (TEMPO), these new systems represent a dramatic improvement in the ability to control the polymerization of 1,3-dienes and further demonstrate the versatility of nitroxide-mediated living free radical procedures.

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