Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Tumor-Promoting Effects of Cucurbitane Glycosides from the Roots of Bryonia dioica
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Abstract
Seven new triterpene glycosides, bryoniosides A−G (1−7), have been isolated along with two known triterpene glycosides, cabenoside D (8) and bryoamaride (9), from a methanol extract of the roots of Bryonia dioica. The structures of 1−7 were determined on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. Six compounds, 2, 3, 5, and 7−9, and 11 compounds, 1−9, bryodulcosigenin (10), and bryosigenin (11), respectively, were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation (1 μg/ear) in mice and on Epstein−Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by TPA. All compounds tested showed marked anti-inflammatory effects, with 50% inhibitory doses (ID50) of 0.2−0.6 mg per ear. In addition, all of the compounds tested except for compound 5 showed potent inhibitory effects on EBV-EA induction (100% inhibition at 1 × 103 mol ratio/TPA).
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