Sonogashira Coupling Using Bulky Palladium-Phenanthryl Imidazolium Carbene Catalysis
Organic Letters2003Vol. 5(18), pp. 3317–3319
Citations Over TimeTop 10% of 2003 papers
Abstract
[structure: see text] Bulky phenanthracenyl imidazolium-derived carbene ligands were investigated for copper-free Sonogashira coupling with terminal acetylenes. Aryl bromides and iodides gave coupled products in excellent yields from the Pd(PPh(3))(2)Cl(2) complex with potassium t-butoxide and 18-crown-6 in THF. A remarkable dependence on the size of the ligand was found. The highest yields were obtained with the bulky 2,9-dicyclohexyl-10-phenanthryl ligand 5.
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