Signature of the coronal hole near the north crest equatorial anomaly over Egypt during the strong geomagnetic storm 5 April 2010

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Abstract

In this paper we study the ionospheric–magnetic disturbance during a strong magnetic storm on 5 April 2010 associated to a coronal hole. The Earth was under the influence of a high speed solar wind stream during four days, and IMF was southward during a very long period. The variation of the disturbed magnetic observations and GPS‐TEC are compared with the variation of quiet days during the same month in order to obtain the characteristics of GPS‐TEC and magnetic disturbances due to the coronal hole effect. We use multi‐instruments as SCINDA‐GPS station at Helwan, Egypt (29.86°N, 31.32°E) and ASW‐MAGDAS station at Aswan, Egypt (23.59°N, 32.51°E) in the equatorial region. At the beginning of the storm our data highlights the effect of the prompt penetration of the magnetosphere electric field which strongly increases the TEC. During the recovery phase of the storm, we observe on TEC and magnetic data, the signature of the ionospheric disturbance dynamo due to wind produced by Joule heating in the auroral zone. It is the first time that we observe an anti‐Sq circulation on magnetic data during four consecutive days associated to the high speed solar wind streams.

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