The genome of Theobroma cacao
Nature Genetics2010Vol. 43(2), pp. 101–108
Citations Over TimeTop 1% of 2010 papers
Xavier Argout, Jérôme Salse, Jean‐Marc Aury, Mark J. Guiltinan, Gaëtan Droc, Jérôme Gouzy, Mathilde Allègre, Cristian Chaparro, Thierry Legavre, Siela N. Maximova, Michaël Abrouk, Florent Murat, Olivier Fouet, Julie Poulain, Manuel Ruíz, Yolande Roguet, Maguy Rodier-Goud, José Fernandes Barbosa-Neto, François Sabot, Dave Kudrna, Jetty S. S. Ammiraju, Stephan C. Schuster, John E. Carlson, Erika Sallet, Thomas Schiex, Anne Diévart, Melissa Kramer, Laura Gelley, Zi Shi, Aurélie Bérard, Christopher Viot, Michel Boccara, Ange Marie Risterucci, Valentin Guignon, Xavier Sabau, Michael J. Axtell, Zhaorong Ma, Yufan Zhang, Spencer C. Brown, Mickaël Bourge, Wolfgang Golser, Xiang Song, Didier Clément, Ronan Rivallan, G.Mathias Tahi, Joseph Moroh Akaza, Bertrand Pitollat, Karina Peres Gramacho, Angélique D'Hont, Dominique Brunel, Diógenes Infante, Ismael S. Kébé, Pierre Costet, Rod A. Wing, W. Richard McCombie, Emmanuel Guiderdoni, Françis Quétier, Olivier Panaud, Patrick Wincker, Stéphanie Bocs, Claire Lanaud
Abstract
We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene families during evolution, for example, flavonoid-related genes. It also provides a major source of candidate genes for T. cacao improvement. Based on the inferred paleohistory of the T. cacao genome, we propose an evolutionary scenario whereby the ten T. cacao chromosomes were shaped from an ancestor through eleven chromosome fusions.
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