Accounting for NOx emissions from biomass burning and urbanization doubles existing inventories over South, Southeast and East Asia
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Abstract
Abstract Rapid urbanization and broad use of biomass burning have led to important changes in NO x [sum of nitrogen dioxide and nitrous oxide] emissions across South, Southeast, and East Asia, frequently occurring on day-to-day time scales and over areas not identified by existing emissions databases. Here we compute NO x emissions using remotely sensed NO 2 [nitrogen dioxide] and a model-free mass-conserving inverse method, resulting respectively in 61 kt d −1 and 40 kt d −1 from biomass burning in Northern and Southern Continental Southeast Asia, and 14.3 kt d −1 and 3.7 kt d −1 from urbanization in China and Eastern South Asia, a net increase more than double existing inventories. Three observationally based physical constraints consistent with theory are found which current chemical transport models cannot match: more NO 2 per unit of NO x emissions, longer and more variable in-situ lifetime, and longer-range transport. This result provides quantitative support for mitigation efforts targeting specific events, processes, or geographies.
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