Quantitative evidence for the effects of multiple drivers on continental-scale amphibian declines
Citations Over TimeTop 1% of 2016 papers
Abstract
Since amphibian declines were first proposed as a global phenomenon over a quarter century ago, the conservation community has made little progress in halting or reversing these trends. The early search for a "smoking gun" was replaced with the expectation that declines are caused by multiple drivers. While field observations and experiments have identified factors leading to increased local extinction risk, evidence for effects of these drivers is lacking at large spatial scales. Here, we use observations of 389 time-series of 83 species and complexes from 61 study areas across North America to test the effects of 4 of the major hypothesized drivers of declines. While we find that local amphibian populations are being lost from metapopulations at an average rate of 3.79% per year, these declines are not related to any particular threat at the continental scale; likewise the effect of each stressor is variable at regional scales. This result - that exposure to threats varies spatially, and populations vary in their response - provides little generality in the development of conservation strategies. Greater emphasis on local solutions to this globally shared phenomenon is needed.
Related Papers
- → Patch-occupancy dynamics in fragmented landscapes(1994)509 cited
- → Metapopulation Structure and Migration in the Butterfly Melitaea Cinxia(1994)452 cited
- → Extinction, Colonization, and Metapopulations: Environmental Tracking by Rare Species(1994)290 cited
- → Separability of Local and Regional Dynamics in Metapopulations(1997)63 cited
- → Metapopulations of two local populations(1999)