Photonic crystals: emerging biosensors and their promise for point-of-care applications

Citations Over TimeTop 1% of 2016 papers

Abstract

Biosensors are extensively employed for diagnosing a broad array of diseases and disorders in clinical settings worldwide. The implementation of biosensors at the point-of-care (POC), such as at primary clinics or the bedside, faces impediments because they may require highly trained personnel, have long assay times, large sizes, and high instrumental cost. Thus, there exists a need to develop inexpensive, reliable, user-friendly, and compact biosensing systems at the POC. Biosensors incorporated with photonic crystal (PC) structures hold promise to address many of the aforementioned challenges facing the development of new POC diagnostics. Currently, PC-based biosensors have been employed for detecting a variety of biotargets, such as cells, pathogens, proteins, antibodies, and nucleic acids, with high efficiency and selectivity. In this review, we provide a broad overview of PCs by explaining their structures, fabrication techniques, and sensing principles. Furthermore, we discuss recent applications of PC-based biosensors incorporated with emerging technologies, including telemedicine, flexible and wearable sensing, smart materials and metamaterials. Finally, we discuss current challenges associated with existing biosensors, and provide an outlook for PC-based biosensors and their promise at the POC.

Related Papers

• → Field-testing and validation in a primary care setting of a point-of-care test for C-reactive protein(2003)41 cited
• Principles & practice of point-of-care testing(2002)
• Thrombosis and hemostasis testing at the point of care.(1995)
• → 3. Point of Care: Useful Clinical Examination and Ultrasonography, 1) Clinical Laboratory Test: Point of Care Testing, Cardiac Marker (Mainly Cardiac Troponin)(2019)
• → Point of Care Testing : Now and Future(<Special Issue>Micro-Machine Technology and Point of Care Testing (POCT))(2002)