Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity and photostability of Ag₃PO₄/Bi₂WO₆ heterostructures toward organic pollutant degradation and plasmonic Z-scheme mechanism

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Abstract

Novel Ag₃PO₄/Bi₂WO₆ heterostructured materials with enhanced visible-light catalytic performance were successfully synthesized by assembly combined with a hydrothermal treatment. The microstructures, morphologies, and optical properties of the prepared samples were characterized by multiple techniques. The irregular Ag₃PO₄ nanospheres dispersed on the surface of Bi₂WO₆ nanoflakes, and their catalytic performances were evaluated via the degradation of organic pollutants including rhodamine B (RB), methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV), methyl orange (MO), and phenol (Phen) under visible-light irradiation. The resulting Ag₃PO₄/Bi₂WO₆ heterostructured materials displayed higher photocatalytic activity than that of either pure Bi₂WO₆ or Ag₃PO₄. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was due to the good formation of heterostructures, which could not only broaden the spectral response range to visible light but also effectively promoted the charge separation. Meanwhile, the reasonable photoreactive plasmonic Z-scheme mechanism was carefully investigated on the basic of the reactive species scavenging tests, photoelectrochemical experiments, and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. In addition, the excellent photostability of Ag₃PO₄/Bi₂WO₆ was obtained, which Ag formed at the early photocatalytic reaction acted as the charge transmission-bridge to restrain the further photoreduction of Ag₃PO₄.

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