Modeling of surface acoustic waves reflected on fluid-loaded solids. Application to measurements on anisotropic materials with a phased-array broadband transducer

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Abstract

A method for material characterization based on the utilization of a broadband phased-array ultrasonic transducer has been developing at the French Atomic Energy Commission. The conical shape of the transducer, along with the specific design of its piezocomposite elements, enables highly efficient generation and detection of surface acoustic waves in the 1–5 MHz frequency range. Electronic commutation and beam steering have been combined to develop an original procedure for SAW velocity measurement in several azimuthal directions for anisotropic materials. All the measurements are performed without moving the transducer relatively to the specimen. In order to optimize the design of the phased-array transducer, a transient formulation for calculating the field as well as the signal reflected on plane fluid-loaded solid has been developed. The formulation is quite general and derived without assumption on the transducers’ shape. The model is based on the Rayleigh diffraction integral and applies the angular spectrum formalism. In addition to the case of the phased array transducer and tandem configuration, the cases of spherical and cylindrical more commonly used transducers are presented. Theoretical results are given and compared with experiments. The performance of the characterization method is shown and discussed on various isotropic and anisotropic specimens.

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