Conservative scattering, electron scattering, and neutrino thermalization

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Abstract

Recoil and target thermal-motion corrections are calculated for neutrino scattering with nucleons and nuclei. The neutrino energy exchange and squared energy exchange rates are presented and discussed for the (nearly) convervative and electron scattering. Energy relaxation times are used to discuss the relative importance of electron scattering and nucleon and nuclear scattering as neutrino thermalization mechanisms. Nearly conservative scattering is shown to satisfy the Fokker-Planck equation, but can only compete with neutrino thermalization by electrons at high density (greater than 4 trillion g/cu cm), where free nucleon abundances are high and electron degeneracy is strong.

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