Continuum observations of molecular clouds at 89.6 GHz

Abstract

Continuum emission at 89.6 GHz was detected and mapped in NGC 2264, Rho Ophiuci, B335, and S140. The emission is extended in the 75-arcmin antenna beam and coincident with FIR or molecular line emission or obscuration and is likely to be optically thin thermal emission from dust. The optical depths may be estimated on the assumption that dust temperature is greater than CO temperature but less than twice the CO temperature; the optical depths are consistent with a quadratic dependence of the absorption efficiency with frequency. Dust masses and dust-to-gas ratio are estimated for the four sources; the implied dust-to-gas ratios are in the range 0.02-0.2.

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