On the enhancement of helium and nitrogen in planetary nebulae
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Abstract
view Abstract Citations (47) References (8) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS On the enhancement of helium and nitrogen in planetary nebulae. Kaler, J. B. ; Iben, I., Jr. ; Becker, S. A. Abstract Enhancements of the ratios He/H and N/O in planetary nebulae are shown to be consistent with enhancements in surface abundances predicted by the theory of stellar evolution. From a quantitative comparison between observation and theory it is inferred that: (1) hydrogen is converted into helium, and both carbon and oxygen are converted into nitrogen, in progenitor stars; (2) the primordial ratio of helium to hydrogen in the Galaxy is about 0.08 and is augmented by approximately 20% during galactic history; (3) the initial main-sequence masses of stars which ultimately eject planetaries with the largest enhancements of He/H and N/O are in excess of 3 to 5 solar masses; and (4) considerable mass loss by stellar winds precedes the ejection of a planetary shell. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: September 1978 DOI: 10.1086/182760 Bibcode: 1978ApJ...224L..63K Keywords: Abundance; Helium; Nitrogen; Planetary Nebulae; Stellar Evolution; Carbon; Hydrogen; Oxygen; Stellar Envelopes; Stellar Winds; Astrophysics; Helium:Planetary Nebulae; Nitrogen:Planetary Nebulae full text sources ADS |
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