Active control of Alfvén eigenmodes in magnetically confined toroidal plasmas

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Abstract

Alfvn waves are electromagnetic perturbations inherent to magnetized plasmas that can be driven unstable by a free energy associated with gradients in the energetic particles' distribution function. The energetic particles with velocities comparable to the Alfvn velocity may excite Alfvn instabilities via resonant wave-particle energy and momentum exchange. Burning plasmas with large population of fusion born super-Alfvnic alpha particles in magnetically confined fusion devices are prone to excite weakly-damped Alfvn eigenmodes (AEs) that, if allowed to grow unabated, can cause a degradation of fusion performance and loss of energetic ions through a secular radial transport. In order to control the fast-ion distribution and associated Alfvnic activity, the fusion community is currently searching for external actuators that can control AEs and energetic ions in the harsh environment of a fusion reactor. Most promising control techniques are based on (i) variable fast-ion sources to modify gradients in the energetic particles' distribution, (ii) localized electron cyclotron resonance heating to affect the fast-ion

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