N14-N15Hyperfine Anomaly

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Abstract

The optical transmission of an optically oriented sodium vapor in spin-exchange equilibrium with atomic nitrogen has been used to measure the zero-field hyperfine splitting of ${\mathrm{N}}^{14}$ and ${\mathrm{N}}^{15}$. The ground state of atomic nitrogen is $^{4}S_{\frac{3}{2}}$. For ${\mathrm{N}}^{14}$, which has $I=1$, $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\frac{5}{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\frac{3}{2}}=26.12721\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00018 \mathrm{Mc}/sec,$ $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\frac{3}{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\frac{1}{2}}=15.67646\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00012 \mathrm{Mc}/sec.$ For ${\mathrm{N}}^{15}$, which has $I=\frac{1}{2}$, $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=29.29136\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00016 \mathrm{Mc}/sec.$The nuclear moments of ${\mathrm{N}}^{14}$ and ${\mathrm{N}}^{15}$ have been remeasured by observing the effect of saturating the nitrogen resonance on the proton resonance in N${\mathrm{H}}_{4}^{+}$. The results were $\frac{g(14)}{g({H}^{1})}=0.07223695\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00000008,$ and $\frac{g(15)}{g({H}^{1})}=\ensuremath{-}0.10133093\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00000008.$The ${\mathrm{N}}^{14}$---${\mathrm{N}}^{15}$ hyperfine anomaly obtained by combining these measurements is $\ensuremath{\Delta}=\frac{\frac{A(15)}{A(14)}}{\frac{g(15)}{g(14)}}\ensuremath{-}1=0.000983\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.000017.$A short discussion of the mechanism of spin-exchange collisions is given.

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