Coulomb Excitation of Neodymium
Abstract
Three gamma rays produced by bombardment of neodymium metal with protons of energies up to 3.34 Mev have been observed. Measurements indicate gamma-ray energies and isotopic identifications of 71\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4 kev from ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{145}$, 300\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3 kev from ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{148}$, and 131\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2 kev from ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{150}$, with total cross sections for production of the last two radiations of 0.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2 and 2.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3 mb, respectively, for 2.25-Mev protons. Excitation functions found for the even-even iostopes agree with those predicted for $E2$ Coulomb interactions, leading to 0\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2+\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0 level assignments; $E1$ excitation seems ruled out only for ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{150}$. The theory of Alder and Winther for $E2$ excitation gives only qualitative agreement with the measured 131-kev gamma-ray angular distribution. Low-energy proton bremsstrahlung were also observed.
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