Heavy neutrino production via Z′ at the lifetime frontier

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Abstract

We investigate the pair production of right-handed neutrinos from the decay of an additional neutral ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ boson in the gauged $B\ensuremath{-}L$ model. Taking into account current constraints on the ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ mass and the associated gauge coupling ${g}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, we analyse the sensitivity of proposed experiments at the lifetime frontier, FASER 2, CODEX-b, MATHUSLA as well as a hypothetical version of the MAPP detector to a long lived heavy neutrino $N$ originating in the decays of the ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$. We further complement this study with determining the reach of LHCb and a CMS-type detector for the high-luminosity LHC run. We demonstrate that in a backgroundfree scenario with ${g}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}={10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ near the current limit, FASER 2 is sensitive to the active-sterile neutrino mixing down to ${V}_{\ensuremath{\mu}N}\ensuremath{\approx}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$, while a reach of ${V}_{\ensuremath{\mu}N}\ensuremath{\approx}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ can be obtained for CODEX-b and LHCb, in a mass regime of ${m}_{N}\ensuremath{\approx}5--20\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ and ${m}_{{Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}}\ensuremath{\approx}20--70\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. Finally, MATHUSLA can probe ${V}_{\ensuremath{\mu}N}\ensuremath{\approx}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$ and cover the mixing regime expected in a canonical seesaw scenario of light neutrino mass generation.

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