Search for solar axions produced in thep(d,He3)Areaction with Borexino detector

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Abstract

A search for 5.5 MeV solar axions produced in the $p+d\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{3}\mathrm{He}+\mathrm{A}$ (5.5 MeV) reaction was performed using the Borexino detector. The Compton conversion of axions to photons, $\mathrm{A}+e\ensuremath{\rightarrow}e+\ensuremath{\gamma}$; the axioelectric effect, $\mathrm{A}+e+Z\ensuremath{\rightarrow}e+Z$; the decay of axions into two photons, $\mathrm{A}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\gamma}$; and inverse Primakoff conversion on nuclei, $\mathrm{A}+Z\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}+Z$, are considered. Model-independent limits on axion-electron (${g}_{Ae}$), axion-photon (${g}_{A\ensuremath{\gamma}}$), and isovector axion-nucleon (${g}_{3AN}$) couplings are obtained: $|{g}_{Ae}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{g}_{3AN}|\ensuremath{\le}5.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$ and $|{g}_{A\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{g}_{3AN}|\ensuremath{\le}4.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}11}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{GeV}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at ${m}_{A}<1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$ (90% confidence level). These limits are 2--4 orders of magnitude stronger than those obtained in previous laboratory-based experiments using nuclear reactors and accelerators.

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