Search for the decay modesD0→e+e−,D0→μ+μ−, andD0→e±μ∓

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Abstract

We present searches for the rare decay modes ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, and ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{\mp}}$ in continuum ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}c\overline{c}$ events recorded by the BABAR detector in a data sample that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $468\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. These decays are highly Glashow--Iliopoulos--Maiani suppressed but may be enhanced in several extensions of the standard model. Our observed event yields are consistent with the expected backgrounds. An excess is seen in the ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ channel, although the observed yield is consistent with an upward background fluctuation at the 5% level. Using the Feldman--Cousins method, we set the following 90% confidence level intervals on the branching fractions: $\mathcal{B}({D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}})<1.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$, $\mathcal{B}({D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})$ within $[0.6,8.1]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$, and $\mathcal{B}({D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{\mp}})<3.3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$.

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