Measurement of the proton form factor by studyinge+e−→pp¯
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Abstract
Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we measure the Born cross section of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{p}$ at 12 center-of-mass energies from 2232.4 to 3671.0 MeV. The corresponding effective electromagnetic form factor of the proton is deduced under the assumption that the electric and magnetic form factors are equal $(|{G}_{E}|=|{G}_{M}|)$. In addition, the ratio of electric to magnetic form factors, $|{G}_{E}/{G}_{M}|$, and $|{G}_{M}|$ are extracted by fitting the polar angle distribution of the proton for the data samples with larger statistics, namely at $\sqrt{s}=2232.4$ and 2400.0 MeV and a combined sample at $\sqrt{s}=3050.0$, 3060.0 and 3080.0 MeV, respectively. The measured cross sections are in agreement with recent results from BABAR, improving the overall uncertainty by about 30%. The $|{G}_{E}/{G}_{M}|$ ratios are close to unity and consistent with BABAR results in the same ${q}^{2}$ region, which indicates the data are consistent with the assumption that $|{G}_{E}|=|{G}_{M}|$ within uncertainties.
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