Asymmetric dark matter and effective number of neutrinos
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Abstract
We study the effect of the MeV-scale asymmetric dark matter annihilation on the effective number of neutrinos ${N}_{\mathrm{eff}}$ at the epoch of the big bang nucleosynthesis. If the asymmetric dark matter $\ensuremath{\chi}$ couples more strongly to the neutrinos $\ensuremath{\nu}$ than to the photons $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and electrons ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\gamma},\ensuremath{\chi}e}\ensuremath{\ll}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\nu}}$, or ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\gamma},\ensuremath{\chi}e}\ensuremath{\gg}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\nu}}$, the lower mass limit on the asymmetric dark matter is about 18 MeV for ${N}_{\mathrm{eff}}\ensuremath{\simeq}3.0$.
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