Nonperturbative transverse-momentum-dependent effects in dihadron and direct photon-hadron angular correlations in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV
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Abstract
Dihadron and isolated direct photon-hadron angular correlations are measured in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. The correlations are sensitive to nonperturbative initial-state and final-state transverse momenta ${k}_{T}$ and ${j}_{T}$ in the azimuthal nearly back-to-back region $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}\ensuremath{\phi}\ensuremath{\sim}\ensuremath{\pi}$. To have sensitivity to small transverse momentum scales, nonperturbative momentum widths of ${p}_{\mathrm{out}}$, the out-of-plane transverse-momentum component perpendicular to the trigger particle, are measured. In this region, the evolution of ${p}_{\mathrm{out}}$ can be studied when several different hard scales are measured. These widths are used to investigate possible effects from transverse-momentum-dependent factorization breaking. When accounting for the longitudinal-momentum fraction of the away-side hadron with respect to the near-side trigger particle, the widths are found to increase with the hard scale; this is qualitatively similar to the observed behavior in Drell-Yan and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering interactions, where factorization is predicted to hold. The momentum widths are also studied as a function of center-of-mass energy by comparing to previous measurements at $\sqrt{s}=510\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. The nonperturbative jet widths also appear to increase with $\sqrt{s}$ at a similar ${x}_{T}$, which is qualitatively consistent to similar measurements in Drell-Yan interactions. Future detailed global comparisons between measurements of processes where transverse-momentum-dependent factorization is predicted to hold and be broken will provide further insight into the role of color in hadronic interactions.
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