Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation Using Visual Saliency
Citations Over TimeTop 1% of 2013 papers
Abstract
We propose a gaze sensing method using visual saliency maps that does not need explicit personal calibration. Our goal is to create a gaze estimator using only the eye images captured from a person watching a video clip. Our method treats the saliency maps of the video frames as the probability distributions of the gaze points. We aggregate the saliency maps based on the similarity in eye images to efficiently identify the gaze points from the saliency maps. We establish a mapping between the eye images to the gaze points by using Gaussian process regression. In addition, we use a feedback loop from the gaze estimator to refine the gaze probability maps to improve the accuracy of the gaze estimation. The experimental results show that the proposed method works well with different people and video clips and achieves a 3.5-degree accuracy, which is sufficient for estimating a user's attention on a display.
Related Papers
- → Messages embedded in gaze of interface agents --- impression management with agent's gaze(2002)114 cited
- → The third gaze: de-constructing the host gaze in the psychoanalysis of tourism.(2012)8 cited
- → Messages embedded in gaze of interface agents --- impression management with agent's gaze(2002)11 cited
- → Transperance Me I Want to be Visible: Gay Gaze in Tom Ford’s film A Single Man(2012)1 cited
- → Emergence of Agent Gaze Behavior using Interactive Kinetics-Based Gaze Direction Model(2020)1 cited