Factors Contributing to Screen Exposure in Preschool Children and Its Associated Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Screen exposure in early childhood is a multifaceted phenomenon shaped by individual, familial and contextual determinants. While excessive and unregulated use poses clear developmental risks, structured and intentional media engagement may support developmental benefits. Future longitudinal and experimental research is needed to clarify causal pathways and inform evidence-based policy and parenting practices.