Comparison of transmission efficiency of various isolates of Potato virus Y among three aphid vectors
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Abstract
Abstract P otato virus Y ( PVY ) strains are transmitted by different aphid species in a non‐persistent, non‐circulative manner. Green peach aphid ( GPA ), M yzus persicae S ulzer, is the most efficient vector in laboratory studies, but potato aphid ( PA ), M acrosiphum euphorbiae T homas (both H emiptera: A phididae, M acrosiphini), and bird cherry‐oat aphid ( BCOA ), R hopalosiphum padi L . ( H emiptera: A phididae, A phidini), also contribute to PVY transmission. Studies were conducted with GPA , PA , and BCOA to assess PVY transmission efficiency for various isolates of the same strain. Treatments included three PVY strains ( PVY O , PVY N:O , PVY NTN ) and two isolates of each strain ( O z and NY 090031 for PVY O ; Alt and NY 090004 for PVY N:O ; N4 and NY090029 for PVY NTN ), using each of three aphid species as well as a sham inoculation. Virus‐free tissue‐cultured plantlets of potato cv. Russet Burbank were used as virus source and recipient plants. Five weeks post inoculation, recipient plants were tested with quantitative DAS ‐ ELISA to assess infection percentage and virus titer. ELISA ‐positive recipient plants were assayed with RT ‐ PCR to confirm presence of the expected strains. Transmission efficiency (percentage infection of plants) was highest for GPA , intermediate for BCOA , and lowest for PA . For all aphid species, transmission efficiency did not differ significantly between isolates within each strain. No correlations were found among source plant titer, infection percentage, and recipient plant titer. For both GPA and BCOA , isolates of PVY NTN were transmitted with greatest efficiency followed by isolates of PVY O and PVY N:O , which might help explain the increasing prevalence of necrotic strains in potato‐growing regions. Bird cherry‐oat aphid transmitted PVY with higher efficiency than previously reported, suggesting that this species is more important to PVY epidemiology than has been considered.
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