Yellow tailflower mild mottle virus and Pelargonium zonate spot virus co‐infect a wild plant of red‐striped tailflower in Australia

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Abstract

Isolates of an Australian indigenous virus, Yellow tailflower mild mottle virus ( YTMMV ‐Kalbarri), and an exotic virus, Pelargonium zonate spot virus ( PZSV ‐ SW 13), are described from Anthocercis ilicifolia subsp. ilicifolia (red‐striped tailflower, family Solanaceae), a species endemic to Western Australia. This is the first report of either virus from this plant species. The complete genome sequences of YTMMV ‐Kalbarri and of PZSV ‐ SW 13 were obtained. YTMMV ‐Kalbarri shared 97% nucleotide pairwise identity with the sequence of the type isolate YTMMV ‐Cervantes. The sequence PZSV ‐ SW 13 shared greatest sequence identity with the partial sequence of an Australian isolate of PZSV , also from a wild plant, and with a sunflower‐derived isolate of PZSV from Argentina. An experimental host range study was done of YTMMV ‐Kalbarri using cultivated and wild solanaceous and non‐solanaceous plants. Most solanaceous plants became systemically infected, with symptoms of systemic infection ranging from symptomless to whole plant necrosis. Based on these studies, it is suggested that YTMMV has the potential to become a pathogen of commercial species of Solanaceae. This study provides further evidence that PZSV is present in wild plants in Australia, in this case an indigenous host species, and possible routes by which it invaded Australia are discussed.

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