Heme‐related molecules induce rapid production of neutrophil extracellular traps

Citations Over TimeTop 18% of 2014 papers

Abstract

Background Pulmonary endothelial cell damages caused by neutrophil overactivation could result in acute lung injuries including transfusion‐related acute lung injury ( TRALI ). We previously reported that heme‐related molecules derived from hemolysis induced the production of reactive oxygen species from neutrophils. Recently, neutrophil extracellular traps ( NET s) have been demonstrated to associate with the onset of TRALI . Study Design and Methods In this study, neutrophils' morphologic changes induced by the heme‐related molecule hemin were confirmed to be NET s via confocal laser scanning microscopy and electron microscopy ( EM ). Additionally, concentrations of hemin in red blood cell ( RBC ) components were measured via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and possible contribution of these molecules to the onset of TRALI was discussed. Results SYTOX green staining observation via confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that neutrophil morphology changed rapidly upon addition of hemin. The nuclei began to be enlarged and become segmented after 5 minutes, and NET ‐like structures were released from neutrophils after 15 minutes. In EM observation, NET ‐like structures appeared after 10 minutes and the nucleoplasm was partially separated from the nuclear membrane, which were consistent with the features of NET formation. These structures stained positively for both myeloperoxidase and histone H 3 antibodies. Conclusion Thus, our results suggest that hemin induced NET s in 15 minutes, a quicker reaction than NET induction by phorbol myristate acetate requiring 3 hours. Moreover, since RBC components, especially those with long‐term storage, contained sufficient hemin concentration to induce NET s, special attention to hemolysis of stored RBC components is important.

Related Papers

• → Binding and accumulation of hemin in Porphyromonas gingivalis are induced by hemin(1994)78 cited
• → Vitamin E inhibits hemolysis induced by hemin as a membrane stabilizer(2006)44 cited
• → Inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by chronic hemin treatment(2008)33 cited
• → Hemin uptake in Porphyromonas gingivalis: Omp26 is a hemin-binding surface protein(1993)59 cited
• [Hemolysis of human erythrocytes by hemin. The role of hemin in erythrocyte autohemolysis].(1995)