A new type of exoplanet direct imaging search: a SCExAO/CHARIS survey of accelerating stars
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Abstract
We present first results from a new exoplanet direct imaging survey being carried out with the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics project coupled with the CHARIS integral field spectrograph. Our survey targeting stars showing evidence for a statistically significant astrometric acceleration from the Hipparcos and Gaia satellites implying the existence of substellar or planetary companions at sub-arcsecond separations.. JHK low-resolution spectra from CHARIS constrain newly-discovered companion spectral types, temperatures, and gravities. Relative astrometry of companions from SCExAO/CHARIS and absolute astrometry of the star from Hipparcos and Gaia together yield direct dynamical mass constraints, circumventing usual challenges in inferring the masses of imaged planets from luminosity evolution models. Even in its infancy, our survey has already yielded multiple discoveries, including at least one likely jovian planet at a moderate orbital separation and multiple other substellar companions. We describe how our small nascent survey is yielding a far higher detection rate than large blind surveys from GPI and SPHERE and the path forward for imaging and characterizing planets at lower masses and smaller orbital separations than previously possible.
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