A numerical model of flow modification induced by suspended aquaculture in a Chinese bay
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Abstract
A finite element circulation model of flow was constructed for Sungo Bay, China, a site of dense cultivation of both marine bivalves and kelp, to assess the magnitude of friction due to culture structure and its implications for particle exchange. In the model, parameterization of friction was modified to reflect the patterns of culture configuration in the bay and the results compared with the default case with no culture. Results of model output indicate that suspended aquaculture results in a 20% reduction in current speed in the main navigation channel and a 54% reduction in speed in the midst of a culture area. In the channel, reduced flow had little effect on tracer exchange under mid-ebb conditions, but the presence of culture structure caused a 41% decrease in exchange rate compared with the absence of culture. These results indicate that disregard for physical barriers associated with culture will result in a serious over estimation of the particle renewal term and thus an overestimation of carrying capacity. Further work is required to measure the characteristics of culture (spacing, length scale), quantify their magnitude of flow retardation in the field, and improve model parameterization of the frictional effects of various types of culture.
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