Solvent effects on the visible absorption spectrum of crystal violet
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Abstract
Addition of polar solvents to non-polar solutions of crystal violet results in dramatic changes in the visible absorption spectra. The observed changes are explained in terms of crystal violet existing as an ion-pair in non-polar solutions and as a solvated ion in polar solutions.The spectrum of crystal violet in toluene and in acetone solution remains virtually unchanged over a wide temperature range. However in methanol, as was reported for ethanol (1), the short wavelength component of the absorption in the visible region disappears as the temperature is lowered. The spectral behaviour in alcoholic solutions suggests a decreasing solvent–solute interaction around the dye cation due to increased self-association of the solvent molecules as the temperature is decreased. Our observations have a direct application in interpreting some of the results of the photodynamics of crystal violet in solution.
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