Expressives and beyond: An introduction to varieties of use-conditional meaning
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Abstract
In this chapter, the author presents a survey that will convince the skeptical reader that conventional non-truth-conditional meaning goes beyond expressives and is not a marginal phenomenon. The survey commences with various lexical expressions and speaks of use-conditional content, contrasting it with truth-conditional. Expressions or constructions that contribute use-conditional content are referred as use-conditional items (UCIs). The survey presents use-conditional expressions below and beyond the word level, ranging from morphological devices over syntactic constructions to intonation patterns. Some analytical work is presented by introducing some binary features that help to categorize the use-conditional phenomena into five classes: isolated expletive UCIs, isolated mixed UCIs, expletive functional UCIs, shunting functional UCIs, and functional mixed UCIs. The author sketches Chris Potts's properties of expressives-independence, nondisplaceability, perspective dependence, descriptive ineffability, immediacy, and repeatability and analyzes whether they apply to all of the five types of UCIs. Keywords:expressives; lexical expressions; Potts; truth-conditional; use-conditional items (UCIs); use-conditional meaning
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