Local and Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers of Diabetic Retinopathy: An Integrative Approach
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science2017Vol. 58(6), pp. BIO68–BIO68
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Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines play an essential role in the pathogenesis of DR. Therefore, circulating biomarkers and retinal imaging aimed at assessing inflammation have emerged as useful tools for monitoring the onset and progression of DR. In addition, "liquid biopsy" of AH seems a good option in patients with advanced stages of DR requiring intravitreous injections. This strategy may permit us to implement a more personalized treatment with better visual function outcome. Further evaluation and validation of circulating and local biomarkers, as well as multimodal imaging is needed to gain new insights into this issue.
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