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BIOGEOCHEMICAL dataset collected during the TONGA cruise

SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository2022

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Cécile Guieu, Sophie Bonnet, Fatima Abadou, Samir Alliouane, Sophie Arnaud‐Haond, Verónica Arnone, Anne‐Claire Baudoux, Chloé Baumas, Lucie Beillard, Mar Benavides, Ilana Berman‐Frank, Nagib Bhairy, Estelle Bigeard, Cédric Boulart, Pascale Bouruet‐Aubertot, Philip W. Boyd, Matthieu Bressac, Mercedes Camps, Samuel Chaffron, Valérie Chavagnac, Servanne Chevaillier, Julien Collot, Yannis Cuypers, Guillaume De Liège, Emmanuel Léger, Colomban de Vargas, Karine Desboeufs, Marie-Maelle Desgranges, Christine Destrigneville, Céline Dimier, Wendy Diruit, Delphine Dissard, Jean‐François Doussin, Aurélie Dufour, Gabriel Dulaquais, Jean-Michel Fernandez, Anaïs Féron, Mathilde Ferrieux, Alba Filella, Heather J. Forrer, Pierre Fourrier, Jean‐Philippe Gac, Martin Gachenot, Cécile Gaimoz, Laurence Garczarek, Frédéric Gazeau, Aridane G. González, David González-Santana, Thomas Gorguès, Nicolas Grima, Jean-Michel Grisoni, Olivier Grosso, Catherine Guigue, Jérémie Habasque, Lars‐Éric Heimbürger‐Boavida, Catherine Jeandel, Christian Jeanthon, Émilie Journet, Angela N. Knapp, F. Lacan, Florence Le Gall, Pierre Le Moal, Frédéric Le Moigne, Karine Leblanc, Nathalie Leblond, Anne Lebourges‐Dhaussy, Jade Leconte, Dominique Lefèvre, Fabien Lombard, Anne Lorrain, Caroline Lory, Christophe Maes, Léo Mahieu, Dominique Marie, Camille Mazoyer, Christophe Menkès, Vincent Michoud, Maryline Montanes, Fabrice Not, Sandra Nunige, Francesco Paparella, M. Patriat, Bernard Pelletier, Anne Petrenko, Hélène Planquette, David Point, Gemma Portlock, Ian Probert, Elvira Pulido‐Villena, Morgane Ratin, Lavenia Ratnarajah, Ricardo Riso, Andrea Luca Rizzo, Pascal Salaün, Géraldine Sarthou, Catherine Schmechtig, Karine Sellegri, Nathalie Simon, Alessandro Tagliabue, Vincent Taillandier, Christian Tamburini, Marc Tedetti, Fanny Thibon, Chloé Tilliette, Natalia Rodríguez, Sylvain Triquet, Julia Uitz, France Van Wambeke, Daniel Vaulot, Nathalie Vigier, Marion Vilain, Helena Vorrath Maria, Lucas Weppe, Hannah Whitby

Abstract

The objective of the TONGA oceanographic expedition was to study the control of productivity and carbon sequestration by micronutrients of shallow hydrothermal origin in the Western Tropical South Pacific (WTSP) Ocean. The 37-day oceanographic survey took place on board the R/V L’Atalante in 2019 between Oct. 31 to Dec. 6 (Nouméa-Nouméa). Over a large area of the WTSP the team acquired numerous results on both the entire water column (up to the sediment) and the atmosphere. Specific task are represented on figure 1: (task 1) to characterize chemically and optically shallow hydrothermal fluids and to compare the source from below (shallow hydrothermal fluids) with the source from above (atmospheric deposition); (task 2) to quantify the dynamical dispersion of the fluids at small and regional scale; (task 3) to investigate the impact of the shallow hydrothermal sources on the biological activity and diversity, and the feedback to the atmosphere via the oceanic emissions of primary and secondary aerosols. (Task 4) to communicate about the campaign (see for example our Tweeter account (https://twitter.com/tongaproject) and the movie (26’) both in French (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5kAd0i6Dck) and English (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeABf-cVR-k). A long west to east (up to the blue waters of the gyre) transect allowed to characterize the different biogeochemical provinces crossed and a focus in the region of the Lau Basin allowed to investigate the impact of shallow hydrothermal sources. A series of short and long stations allowed to fully characterize the stocks and the fluxes in the different provinces. Short-term (up to 10 days) processes studies have been conducted (drifting moorings and minicosms experiments). Part of these results will feed into important modeling work. A fixed mooring line launched at the end of the campaign and recovered in Nov. 2020 as well as the 7 ARGO floats and 20 drifting buoys that were dropped during the campaign provide a broader temporal context of the acquisitions done during the campaign. An important focus of the campaign was the trace metal characterization of the entire water column. For this, TONGA has been labeled by the international program GEOTRACES (https://www.geotraces.org/). The impact on biological communities of fluids is supported by the international IMBER program (https://imber.info/). The TONGA project is also part of the LEFE program (funding by LEFE-CYBER and LEFE-GMMC), the ANR (Appel à projets génériques) and the Fondation A-MIDeX of the Aix-Marseille Université. Scheme of the different tasks of the TONGA project and cruise