Advances in ecological research on epiphytic community of submerged macrophytes

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Abstract

在高等水生植物表面经常附着生长着藻类、真菌和细菌等,这些有机群体组成附植生物群落,在大中型浅水湖泊中普遍存在.附植生物群落具有特定的物种组成和空间结构,并随季节推移和沉水植物生长表现出一定的动态变化特征.附植生物群落与宿主植物及周围水体环境联系密切,不仅能够表征水体营养盐、光照、温度等环境因子特征,与沉水植物、食草动物、浮游植物等水生生物类群也存在不同的相互作用.水生生态系统中,附植生物群落参与水体营养物质转化,在草-藻型湖泊生态系统的相互转化过程中起重要作用;其较高的初级生产力作为水生动物重要的食物来源,增加了食物网的多样性;同时,附植生物群落因其独特的生理生态特征正逐渐被应用于水质净化和水环境质量监测.本文在综述近年来附植生物群落研究进展的基础上,分析了附植生物群落的组成结构和动态变化特征,阐述了附植生物群落在水生生态系统中的功能,可为湖泊富营养化治理,尤其是沉水植被的生态修复和管理提供科学依据.;Epiphytic community is a complex structure consisting of organisms such as algae,bacteria and fungi,and covers the surface of aquatic macrophytes in most shallow lakes.It has a unique composition and spatial structure,exhibiting significant dynamic characteristics in accordance with different seasons and the growth of submerged plants.Epiphytic community is closely related to the host plants and surrounding water environment,reflecting various habitat factors such as nutrient,light and temperature.It also has different interactions with submerged macrophytes,grazers,phytoplankton and other aquatic organisms.Epiphytic community participates in the material transformation of water ecological system,and plays a vital role in the shift between macrophytedominated and algal-dominated lake ecosystems.Its relatively high primary productivity makes itself to be an important food source for aquatic animals,which results in diverse food webs.Based on previous studies,this article analyzed the species composition and dynamic characteristics of epiphytic community.It can be concluded that epiphytic community is an important component for aquatic ecosystems,and further studies on epiphytic community can provide scientific basis for the restoration of submerged macrophytes in management of eutrophic lakes.

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