Effect of Zeta Potential and Particle Size on the Stability of SiO Nanospheres as Carrier for Ultrasound Imaging Contrast Agents

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Abstract

A series of SiO2 nanospheres (NPs) and amino-functionalized SiO2 NPs were synthesized through a modified Stöber method and eventually used as the model of SiO2 carrier for ultrasound imaging contrast agents loading. The physicochemical properties of these materials were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared detector (FT-IR). Also, the zeta potential and diameter of the as-prepared SiO2 NPs was measured and compared. It can be observed that the particle size of obtained SiO2 spheres are controllable from 100 nm to 800 nm by adjusting the synthetic condition. SiO2 NPs size 200 nm and 400 nm exhibit remarkable uniformity, while the morphology of ∼800 SiO2 spheres turns to irregular. The zeta potential of the unmodified SiO2 NPs was much higher than conventional carriers of ultrasound imaging contrast agents, indicating that the monodisperse stability of small SiO2 NPs was superior. After amino-function, SiO2 NPs size ∼400 nm show the highest zeta potential of -45.5 mV, which will benefit the carrier transportation when it pass though the endothelial barriers of tumour tissue. The excellent stability and unique surface groups of amino-modified SiO2 NPs will significantly benefit the loading of drugs and biological ligands, thus show insight for its future applications of nanomedicine and clinical ultrasound imaging beyond blood vessel.

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