Vascular Plants of Grand Teton National Park

Citations Over Time

Abstract

TOPOGRAPHY In the rugged mountainous country several glacier-clad peaks tower above 12,000 feet. These drop off into tremendous U-shaped canyons which tell a story of the master carvers-the many glaciers of the past. The valley has been a meeting place for these glaciers and an outwash plain for rivers of the interglacial periods. Moraines, pot holes, and river terraces are conspicuous marks left by these gigantic forces of erosion. Piedmont lakes, impounded behind tree covered terminal and lateral moraines, are found at the mouths of the major canyons. In the higher altitudes innumerable smaller lakes again reflect the forces of more recent and less vigorous glaciers. The highest peak of the range, Grand Teton, (13,766 feet) rises 7,000 feet above the valley floor. CLIMATE OF THE VALLEY By referring to the weather records kept at the town of Moran since 1911 , a picture of atmospheric severity is revealed. The valley has always had long, cold winters with deep, drifting snow, a low mean annual temperature (34.40 F) and a short growing season of approximately 60 frost free days. The mean annual precipitation is slightly under 22 inches, and much of this comes in the form of snow (mean annual snowfall is 136.9 inches). No temperature or prccipitation data are available for the range.

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